ʻO ka Helium kahi mea kemika me ka hōʻailona He a me ka helu atomika 2. He kinoea lewa kakaʻikahi, kala ʻole, ʻono ʻole, ʻono ʻole, ʻona ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke puhi ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. He 5.24 x 10-4 ka nui o ka helium ma ka lewa. Loaʻa iā ia nā wahi paila haʻahaʻa a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o kekahi mea, a aia wale nō ma ke ʻano he kinoea, koe wale nō ma lalo o nā kūlana anu.

Lawe mua ʻia ka Helium e like me ka helium a i ʻole ka wai a hoʻohana ʻia i nā reactors nuklea, semiconductors, lasers, bulbs, superconductivity, instrumentation, semiconductors a me fiber optics, cryogenic, MRI a me R&D noiʻi noiʻi.

ʻO ke kumu anuʻu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa

Hoʻohana ʻia ka Helium ma ke ʻano he cryogenic coolant no nā kumu hoʻoluʻu cryogenic, e like me ka magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, superconducting quantum particle accelerator, ka nui hadron collider, interferometer (SQUID), electron spin resonance (ESR) a me ka superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), MHD superconducting generators, superconducting sensor, power transmission, maglev transport, mass spectrometer, superconducting magnet, strong magnetic field separators, annular field superconducting magnets for fusion reactors a me nā noiʻi cryogenic. Hoʻomaʻalili ʻo Helium i nā mea hoʻokele cryogenic superconducting a me nā magnet a kokoke i ka ʻole ʻole, ma ia manawa e hāʻule koke ke kūʻē o ka superconductor i ka ʻole. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa o kahi superconductor e hoʻokumu i kahi māla magnetic ʻoi aku ka ikaika. I ka hihia o nā lako MRI i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā haukapila, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā māla magnetic e hana i nā kikoʻī hou aku i nā kiʻi radiographic.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka Helium ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi loa no ka mea he haʻahaʻa ka helu heheʻe a me ka hoʻolapalapa ʻana o ka helium, ʻaʻole paʻa i ke kaomi o ka lewa a me 0 K, a ʻaʻole inert kemika ka helium, a aneane hiki ʻole ke hana me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia hou, lilo ka helium i superfluid ma lalo o 2.2 Kelvin. A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ka ultra-mobility kūʻokoʻa i kekahi noi ʻoihana. Ma nā mahana ma lalo o 17 Kelvin, ʻaʻohe mea pani no ka helium ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ke kumu cryogenic.

Aeronautics a me Astronautics

Hoʻohana pū ʻia ka Helium i nā baluna a me nā mokulele. Ma muli o ka māmā o ka helium ma mua o ka ea, ua hoʻopiha ʻia nā mokulele a me nā baluna i ka helium. He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Helium no ka hiki ʻole ke puhi ʻia, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hydrogen a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pakele mai ka membrane. ʻO kekahi hoʻohana lua ma ka ʻenehana rocket, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka helium ma ke ʻano he mea poho no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka wahie a me ka oxidizer i loko o nā pahu mālama a condense i ka hydrogen a me ka oxygen e hana i ka wahie rocket. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka wehe ʻana i ka wahie a me ka oxidizer mai nā lako kākoʻo honua ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, a hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i ka wai hydrogen i loko o ka mokulele. Ma ka Saturn V rocket i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka papahana Apollo, ma kahi o 370,000 cubic mika (13 miliona cubic feet) o ka helium i makemake ʻia e hoʻomaka.

ʻIke ʻana i ka Leak Pipeline a me ka nānā ʻana

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka helium ʻē aʻe ka ʻike leak. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻike leak no ka ʻike ʻana i nā leaks ma nā ʻōnaehana i loaʻa nā wai a me nā kinoea. Ma muli o ka laha ʻana o ka helium i loko o nā mea paʻa ʻekolu manawa ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka ea, ua hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he tracer gas e ʻike ai i nā leaks i loko o nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe-vacuum (e like me nā pahu cryogenic) a me nā moku kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea i loko o kahi keʻena, a laila hoʻokuʻu ʻia a hoʻopiha ʻia me ka helium. ʻOiai ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me 10-9 mbar•L/s (10-10 Pa•m3 / s), hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka helium e pakele ana ma ka leak e kekahi mea paʻakikī (he helium mass spectrometer). ʻO ke kaʻina hana maʻamau ka mea maʻamau a kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻāʻo hoʻohui helium. ʻO ke ala ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka mea i nīnau ʻia me ka helium a ʻimi lima i nā leaks me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea paʻa lima.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka Helium no ka ʻike ʻana i ka leak no ka mea ʻo ia ka mole liʻiliʻi loa a he mole mole monotomic, no laila e lele maʻalahi ka helium. Hoʻopiha ʻia ke kinoea helium i loko o ka mea i ka wā e ʻike ai i ka leak, a inā hiki mai kahi leak, hiki i ka helium mass spectrometer ke ʻike i kahi o ka leak. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Helium no ka ʻike ʻana i nā leaks i loko o nā rockets, nā pahu wahie, nā mea hoʻololi wela, nā laina kinoea, nā uila uila, nā paipu TELEVISION a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka ʻike leak me ka helium i ka wā o ka papahana Manhattan e ʻike i nā leaka ma nā mea kanu hoʻonui uranium. Hiki ke pani ʻia ka helium ʻike leak me ka hydrogen, nitrogen, a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o ka hydrogen a me ka nitrogen.

Ka wiliwili a me ka hana metala

Hoʻohana ʻia ke kinoea helium ma ke ʻano he kinoea pale i ka wili arc a me ka wili plasma arc ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu ionization ma mua o nā mana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kinoea helium a puni ka weld e pale i ka metala mai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke kūlana hoʻoheheʻe. ʻO ka ikehu ionization kiʻekiʻe o ka helium e hiki ai i ka plasma arc welding o nā metala like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana, ka hana moku, a me ka aerospace, e like me ka titanium, zirconium, magnesium, a me nā alumini alumini. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka helium i loko o ke kinoea pale e ka argon a i ʻole hydrogen, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau mea (e like me ka titanium helium) no ka wiliwili plasma arc. No ka mea, ʻo ka helium wale nō ke kinoea i palekana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO kekahi o nā wahi ʻoi loa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻo ia ka wiliwili kila. He kinoea inert ka Helium, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hana i nā hopena kemika ke ʻike ʻia i nā mea ʻē aʻe. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia ʻano i nā kinoea pale welding.

ʻO ka Helium ke alakaʻi maikaʻi i ka wela. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻohana mau ʻia ai i nā welds kahi e koi ʻia ai ka hoʻokomo wela kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wettability o ka weld. Pono nō hoʻi ka Helium no ka holo wikiwiki ʻana.

Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka Helium me ka argon ma nā ʻano like ʻole i loko o ka hui kinoea pale e lawe pono i nā waiwai maikaʻi o nā kinoea ʻelua. ʻO ka Helium, no ka laʻana, hana ma ke ʻano he kinoea pale e kōkua i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻano ākea a pāpaʻu o ke komo ʻana i ka wā wili. Akā ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka helium i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i hana ʻia e argon.

ʻO ka hopena, manaʻo pinepine nā mea hana metala i ka hui ʻana i ka argon me ka helium ma ke ʻano o kā lākou hana hana. No ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ke kinoea pale arc, hiki i ka helium ke komo i ka 25% a i ka 75% o ka hui kinoea i loko o ka hui helium/argon. Ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana o ke kinoea pale, hiki i ka welder ke hoʻololi i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wela o ka weld, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana keʻa o ka metala weld a me ka wikiwiki wili.

ʻOihana Semiconductor Electronic

Ma ke ʻano he kinoea inert, paʻa loa ka helium a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia waiwai ma ke ʻano he pale i ka wili arc (e pale ai i ka haumia o ka oxygen i ka lewa). Loaʻa iā Helium nā noi koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me semiconductors a me ka hana fiber optical. Eia hou, hiki iā ia ke pani i ka nitrogen i loko o ka luʻu hohonu e pale ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻōmole nitrogen i loko o ke kahe koko, pēlā e pale ai i ka maʻi luʻu.

Ka Lehulehu Kūʻai Helium Ka Honua (2016-2027)

Ua hōʻea ka mākeke helium honua iā mākou i $ 1825.37 miliona i 2020 a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e hōʻea i ka US $ 2742.04 miliona ma 2027, me kahi helu ulu ulu makahiki (CAGR) o 5.65% (2021-2027). He kānalua nui ka ʻoihana i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka ʻikepili wanana no 2021-2027 ma kēia pepa e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala mōʻaukala o nā makahiki i hala iho nei, nā manaʻo o nā loea ʻoihana a me nā manaʻo o nā mea loiloi i kēia pepa.

ʻO ka ʻoihana helium ka mea nui loa, loaʻa mai nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe, a ua kaupalena ʻia nā mea hana honua, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Russia, Qatar a me Algeria. I ka honua, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻāpana mea kūʻai aku ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kina, a me ʻEulopa a pēlā aku. He moʻolelo lōʻihi ko ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a he kūlana kūpaʻa ʻole i ka ʻoihana.

Nui nā ʻoihana i nā ʻoihana, akā ʻaʻole lākou kokoke i kā lākou mākeke mea kūʻai. No laila, he kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai kaʻa ka huahana.

Mai nā makahiki ʻelima mua, ua ulu mālie ka hana. ʻO ka Helium kahi kumu ikehu hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi hou ʻia, a aia nā kulekele i nā ʻāina hana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻohana mau ʻana. Ke wānana nei kekahi e pau ana ka helium i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Loaʻa i ka ʻoihana ka hapa nui o ka lawe ʻana mai a me ka lawe ʻana aku. Aneane nā ʻāina a pau e hoʻohana i ka helium, akā he kakaikahi wale nō ka mālama ʻana i ka helium.

He nui ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka Helium a loaʻa iā ia ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe, e piʻi aʻe ka noi no ka helium i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e koi ana i nā koho kūpono. Manaʻo ʻia nā kumukūʻai Helium e piʻi mau mai 2021 a 2026, mai $13.53 / m3 (2020) a i $19.09 / m3 (2027).

Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka ʻoihana e ka ʻoihana waiwai a me nā kulekele. Ke hoʻi hou nei ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka honua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe e hopohopo nei i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kūlana kaiapuni, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi underdeveloped me nā heluna nui a me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai, e piʻi ka koi no ka helium.

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea hana nui honua ʻo Rasgas, Linde Group, Air Chemical, ExxonMobil, Air Liquide (Dz) a me Gazprom (Ru), etc. Ma 2020, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kūʻai aku o nā mea hana Top 6 ma mua o 74%. Manaʻo ʻia e ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hoʻokūkū ma ka ʻoihana i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.

HL Cryogenic Lako

Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā kumu waiwai helium wai a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai, he mea nui ia e hōʻemi i ka nalowale a me ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o ka helium wai i kāna hoʻohana ʻana a me ke kaʻina lawe.

ʻO HL Cryogenic Equipment i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1992 he hōʻailona pili i ka HL Cryogenic Equipment Company Cryogenic Equipment Co., Ltd. Hoʻokumuʻia ka HL Cryogenic Equipment i ka hoʻolālā a me ka hanaʻana i ka High Vacuum Insulated Cryogenic Piping System a me nā mea kākoʻo e pili ana i nā mea e pono ai nā mea kūʻai. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Vacuum Insulated Pipe a me Flexible Hose i loko o kahi ʻūhā kiʻekiʻe a me nā multi-layer multi-screen insulated mea kūikawā, a hele i ke ʻano o nā ʻenehana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. , wai argon, wai hydrogen, wai helium, liquefied ethylene gas LEG a me liquefied nature gas LNG.

ʻO ka huahana huahana o Vacuum Jacketed Pipe, Vacuum Jacketed Hose, Vacuum Jacketed Valve, a me ka Phase Separator ma HL Cryogenic Equipment Company, i hele i ke ʻano o nā ʻenehana loea koʻikoʻi, hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka oxygen wai, wai nitrogen, argon wai, wai hydrogen, wai helium, LEG a me LNG, a ua lawelawe keia mau huahana no ka cryogenic lako (eg cryogenic pahu, dewars a me nā pahu anuanu etc.) i loko o nā 'oihana o ka ea kaawale, kinoea, ea, uila, superconductor, chips, automation hui, meaʻai & mea inu, lāʻau lapaʻau, haukapila, biobank, rubber, hou mea hana ʻenekinia kemika, hao & kila, a me ka noiʻi ʻepekema etc.

Ua lilo ʻo HL Cryogenic Equipment Company i mea hoʻolako / mea kūʻai aku no Linde, Air Liquide, Air Products (AP), Praxair, Messer, BOC, Iwatani, a me Hangzhou Oxygen Plant Group (Hangyang) etc.