ʻO ke Kamahaʻo ʻenekinia o ka paipu ʻaʻahu hakahaka

Paipu hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me ka vacuum(VIP), i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he paipu ʻaʻahu vacuum (VJP), hoʻohana i kahi annulus vacuum kiʻekiʻe (10⁻⁶ Torr) ma waena o nā papa kila kila concentric e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻoili wela kokoke i ka zero. I loko o ke kahua LNG, hoʻemi kēia mau ʻōnaehana i nā helu paila i kēlā me kēia lā ma lalo o 0.08%, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 0.15% no nā paipu foam-insulated maʻamau. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ka papahana LNG Gorgon a Chevron ma Australia i 18 km o ka paipu ʻaʻahu vacuum e mālama i nā mahana -162°C ma kāna kikowaena hoʻokuʻu aku ma ke kahakai, e hōʻemi ana i nā pohō ikehu makahiki e $6.2 miliona.

Nā Pilikia ʻĀkelika: Nā VIP ma nā Kaiapuni Koʻikoʻi

Ma ka ʻĀina ʻo Yamal ma Siberia, kahi e hāʻule ai ka mahana o ka hoʻoilo i -50°C,VIPʻO nā pūnaewele me 40-layer MLI (multilayer insulation) e hōʻoia i ka noho ʻana o ka LNG i loko o ke ʻano wai i ka wā o nā hoʻouna ʻana he 2,000 km. Hōʻike ka hōʻike a Rosneft i ka makahiki 2023 ua hōʻemi ka paipu cryogenic vacuum-insulated i nā pohō vaporization ma 53%, e mālama ana i 120,000 tons o LNG i kēlā me kēia makahiki—e like me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i 450,000 mau home ʻEulopa.

Nā Hana Hou o ka Wā E Hiki Mai Ana: Hoʻohui ka Maʻalahi i ke Kūpaʻa

Hoʻohui pū nā hoʻolālā hybrid e kū mai ananā paipu hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me ka vacuumno ka pilina modular. Ua hoʻāʻo hou nei ka hale hana ʻo Shell's Prelude FLNG i ka corrugatednā paipu palupalu me ka ʻaʻahu hoʻomaʻemaʻe, e hoʻokō ana i nā wikiwiki hoʻouka wikiwiki he 22% ʻoiai e kū nei i ke kaomi 15 MPa. Eia kekahi, hōʻike nā prototypes MLI i hoʻonui ʻia e graphene i ka hiki ke hōʻemi hou aku i ka conductivity thermal ma 30%, e kūlike ana me nā pahuhopu hōʻemi hoʻokuʻu methane 2030 a EU.